![]() Maltz MD (1981) Transportation modeling in analyzing an economic crime. Maltz MD (1976) On the estimation of smuggling in a ‘gray market’ commodity. In: Mensch AMJ (ed) The survival of communication networks. ![]() Maltz MD (1970) Police communication–a case history. The American Statistician 29(4):146–152įorst B, Lynch JP (1997) The decomposition and graphical analysis of crime and sanctions data: a cross-national application. Hobart Press, Summit, New Jerseyĭeming WE (1975) On probability as a basis for action. Hobart Press, Summit, New JerseyĬleveland WS (1994) The elements of graphing data. Footnote 4Ĭleveland WS (1993) Visualizing data. The drudgery that used to be associated with this sequence has all but disappeared with the advent of new graphically-based software attached to database management systems however, they had not been tried to any great extent when I assumed the editorship in 1997, and I was eager to “lead the journal into new methodological areas” (Maltz 1997: 93). LOOK at the data PLOT them to see if any relationships jump out TRANSFORM the data (logs, powers, exponentials, etc.) to see if they clarify the plots DISAGGREGATE the data to see if subsets have their own patterns TRY different relationships and REPEAT until satisfied. His “metamethods,” however, are still applicable. He therefore relied on simple computations and manual graphs, since computers at that time were unable to display graphs. In focusing on exploratory techniques, however, Tukey was constrained by the computing environment at the time, which was horse-and-buggy compared to our current capability. This resonated with me, in that so many social scientists at the time put down actually looking at the data as “data dredging” rather than as a natural step in exploring the characteristics of the data.
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